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Abstract
Benzylalkyldimethylammonium chloride (BAC), a quaternary ammonium compound (QAC), is utilized in industrial and biomedical applications for antimicrobial purposes. Since the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) outbreak, various types of BAC-containing household chemicals have been produced. BACs have several adverse effects; however, their biological uptake, translocation, and excretion in animal models (essential for better understanding in vivo behavior and toxicological impact) remain unclear. In this study, we performed the first biodistribution and whole-body imaging studies of BAC in male Sprague Dawley rats, using two different administration routes. Quantitative whole-body autoradiography (QWBA) data obtained for intranasal 14C-labeled BAC ([14C]C12-BAC) exposure showed substantial uptake values for the respiratory organs (e.g. 346 ng g-1 of lung at 3 h post administration) and the radiotracer was transported to other internal organs. The amount of radiotracer in the heart, adrenal gland, and pancreas were 198, 1410, and 186 ng g-1 tissue respectively at 168 h following exposure. Autoradiograms obtained after intravenous injection also showed high accumulation and slow excretion in these organs. The cumulative excretion analysis revealed that approximately 6.4% of the administered radioactivity remained in rats after a week. The results indicated that continuous inhalation exposure to BAC leads to potential toxic effects in extrapulmonary organs and the respiratory tract. Thus, the radiolabeling method utilized may help assess various synthetic QACs in living subjects.

- BAC benzylic 위치에 14C가 도입된 방사성추적자([14C]BAC)를 합성함

- 동물 모델(rat)에 [14C]BAC를 비강 및 정맥을 통해 노출함

- QWBA를 활용하여 BAC의 체내 분자 영상 연구를 수행함

Affiliations

Jung Eun Park 1, Seung-Hun Ryu 2, Satoshi Ito 3, Mi-Kyung Song 4, Eun Ji Gu 1, Hyunil Shin 5, Young-Hee Kim 2, Jongho Jeon 6
1Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea.
2Humidifier Disinfectant Health Center, Environmental Health Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, 42 Hwangyong-ro, Seo-gu, Incheon, 22689, Republic of Korea.
3Drug Development Solutions Center, Sekisui Medical Co., Ltd., 2117 Muramatsu, Tokai, Ibaraki, 319-1182, Japan.
4Inhalation Toxicology Center for Airborne Risk Factor, Korea Institute of Toxicology, 30 Baehak1-gil, Jeongeup, Jeollabuk-do, 56212, Republic of Korea.
5KRCC Co., Ltd, 193 Chenggyesan-ro, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06802, Republic of Korea.
6Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Engineering, Kyungpook National University, 80 Daehak-ro, Buk-gu, Daegu, 41566, Republic of Korea. Electronic address: jeonj@knu.ac.kr.