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Abstract

In the field of nanomedicine, long term accumulation of nanoparticles (NPs) in the mononuclear phagocyte system (MPS) such as liver is the major hurdle in clinical translation. On the other hand, NPs could be excreted via hepatobiliary excretion pathway without overt tissue toxicity. Therefore, it is critical to develop NPs that show favorable excretion property. Herein, we demonstrated that micelle encapsulated (64)Cu-labeled upconverting nanoparticles (micelle encapsulated (64)Cu-NOTA-UCNPs) showed substantial hepatobiliary excretion by in vivo positron emission tomography (PET) and also upconversion luminescence imaging (ULI). Ex vivo biodistribution study reinforced the imaging results by showing clearance of 84% of initial hepatic uptake in 72 hours. Hepatobiliary excretion of the UCNPs was also verified by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) examination. Micelle encapsulated (64)Cu-NOTA-UCNPs could be an optimal bimodal imaging agent owing to quantifiability of (64)Cu, ability of in vivo/ex vivo ULI and good hepatobiliary excretion property. 

Author information

Seo HJ1,2, Nam SH3, Im HJ1,2, Park JY2, Lee JY2, Yoo B4,5, Lee YS1,2, Jeong JM2, Hyeon T4,5, Who Kim J2, Lee JS2, Jang IJ6, Cho JY6, Hwang do W1,2, Suh YD3,7, Lee DS1,2.

1Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

2Department of Nuclear medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine,Seoul, Korea.

3Laboratory for Advanced Molecular Probing (LAMP), Research Center for Convergence Nanotechnology, Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology, Daejeon, Korea.

4Center for Nanoparticle Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Seoul, Korea.

5School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea.

6Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

7School of Chemical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Korea.