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Abstract

Fluorescence endomicroscopy provides quick access to molecular targets, while Raman spectroscopy allows the detection of multiple molecular targets. Using a simultaneous fluorescence-Raman endoscopic system (FRES), we herein demonstrate its potential in cancer diagnosis in an orthotopically induced colorectal cancer (CRC) xenograft model. In the model, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were targeted with antibody-conjugated fluorescence and surface-enhanced Raman scattering (F-SERS) dots. FRES demonstrated fast signal detection and multiplex targeting ability using fluorescence and Raman signals to detect the F-SERS dots. In addition, FRES showed a multiplex targeting ability even on a subcentimeter-sized CRC after spraying with a dose of 50 µg F-SERS dots. In conclusion, molecular characteristics of tumor cells (EGFR in cancer cell membranes) and tumor microenvironments (VEGF in the extracellular matrix) could be simultaneously investigated when performing a colonoscopy. 

Author information​

Kim YI1,2,3, Jeong S4,5, Jung KO1,6, Song MG1,6, Lee CH1,6, Chung SJ1,6, Park JY1, Cha MG4, Lee SG4, Jun BH7, Lee YS1,2, Hwang DW1,2, Youn H1, Kang KW1, Lee YS8, Jeong DH9, Lee DS10,11.

1 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

2 Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

3 Department of Nuclear Medicine, CHA Bundang Medical Center, CHA University, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.

4 Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

5 Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Charlestown, Massachusetts, USA.

6 Department of Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

7 Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Konkuk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

8 School of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. yslee@snu.ac.kr.

9 Department of Chemistry Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. jeongdh@snu.ac.kr.

10 Department of Nuclear Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea. dsl@snu.ac.kr.

11 Department of Molecular Medicine and Biopharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Convergence Science and Technology, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea. dsl@snu.ac.kr.