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Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The aim of this study was to compare the plan quality of magnetic-resonance image-based intensity modulated radiation therapy (MRI-based-IMRT) with the MRIdian Linac system to that of volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT) with the TrueBeam STx system for lung stereotactic ablative radiotherapy (SABR).

METHODS:
A total of 22 patients with tumors located in the lower lobe were retrospectively selected for the study. For each patient, both the MRI-based-IMRT and VMAT plans were generated using an identical CT image set and identical structures with the exception of the planning target volume (PTV). The PTVs of the MRI-based-IMRT were generated by adding an isotropic margin of 3 mm from the gross tumor volume, whereas those of VMAT were generated by adding an isotropic margin of 5 mm from the internal target volume. For both the MRI-based-IMRT and VMAT, the prescription doses to the PTVs were 60 Gy in four fractions.

RESULTS:
The average PTV volume of the MRI-based-IMRT was approximately 4-times smaller than that of VMAT (p <  0.001). The maximum dose to the bronchi for the MRI-based-IMRT was smaller than that for the VMAT (20.4 Gy versus 24.2 Gy, p <  0.001). In addition, V40Gy of the rib for the MRI-based-IMRT was smaller than that for the VMAT (1.8 cm3 versus 7.7 cm3, p = 0.008). However, the maximum doses to the skin and spinal cord for the MRI-based-IMRT (33.0 Gy and 14.5 Gy, respectively) were larger than those for the VMAT (27.8 Gy and 11.0 Gy, respectively) showing p values of less than 0.02. For the ipsilateral lung, the mean dose, V20Gy, V10Gy, and V5Gy for the MRI-based-IMRT were smaller than those for the VMAT (all with p <  0.05). For the contralateral lung, V5Gy, V10Gy, D1500cc, and D1000cc for the MRI-based-IMRT were larger than those for the VMAT (all with p <  0.05). The mean dose and V50% of the whole body for the MRI-based-IMRT were smaller than those for the VMAT (0.9 Gy versus 1.2 Gy, and 78.7 cm3 versus 103.5 cm3, respectively, all at p <  0.001).

CONCLUSIONS:
The MRI-based-IMRT using the MRIdian Linac system could reduce doses to bronchi, rib, ipsilateral lung, and whole body compared to VMAT for lung SABR when the tumor was located in the lower lobe.

Author information

Park JM1,2,3,4, Wu HG1,2,3,5, Kim HJ1,2,3,5, Choi CH6,7,8, Kim JI9,10,11.
1
Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
2
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea.
3
Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
4
Institute for Smart System, Robotics Research Laboratory for Extreme Environments, Advanced Institutes of Convergence Technology, Suwon, South Korea.
5
Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
6
Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. dm140@naver.com.
7
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea. dm140@naver.com.
8
Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. dm140@naver.com.
9
Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. madangin@gmail.com.
10
Institute of Radiation Medicine, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea. madangin@gmail.com.
11
Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea. madangin@gmail.com.