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Abstract
The current gold-standard diagnosis method for avian influenza (AI) is an embryonic egg-based hemagglutination assay followed by immunoblotting or PCR sequencing to confirm subtypes. It requires, however, specialized facilities to handle egg inoculation and incubation, and the subtyping methods relied on costly reagents. Now, the first differential sensing approach to distinguish AI subtypes is demonstrated using series of cell lines and a fluorescent sensor. Susceptibility of AI virus differs depending on genetic backgrounds of host cells. Cells were examined from different organ origins, and the infection patterns against a panel of cells were utilized for AI virus subtyping. To quantify AI infection, a highly cell-permeable fluorescent superoxide sensor was designed to visualize infection. This differential sensing strategy successfully proved discriminations of AI subtypes and demonstrated as a useful primary screening platform to monitor a large number of samples.

Author information

Hong SC1, Murale DP1, Jang SY1, Haque MM1, Seo M2, Lee S2, Woo DH2, Kwon J3, Song CS3, Kim YK4, Lee JS1.
1
Molecular Recognition Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) & KIST-School, 5, Hwarang-ro 14-gil, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul, 02792, South Korea.
2
Sensor System Research Center, KIST, Korea.
3
College of Veterinary Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, 05029, South Korea.
4
Convergence Research Center for Diagnosis, Treatment, and, Care System of Dementia, KIST & KIST-School, Korea.