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  • [Lancet Oncol.] Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy versus radiotherapy alone for women with high-risk endometrial cancer (PORTEC-3): final results of an international, open-label, multicentre, randomised, phase 3 trial.

    Leiden University Medical Center(Netherlands) / Stephanie M de Boer*

  • 출처
    Lancet Oncol.
  • 등재일
    2018 Mar
  • 저널이슈번호
    19(3):295-309.
  • 내용

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    Abstract

    BACKGROUND:
    Although women with endometrial cancer generally have a favourable prognosis, those with high-risk disease features are at increased risk of recurrence. The PORTEC-3 trial was initiated to investigate the benefit of adjuvant chemotherapy during and after radiotherapy (chemoradiotherapy) versus pelvic radiotherapy alone for women with high-risk endometrial cancer.

    METHODS:
    PORTEC-3 was an open-label, international, randomised, phase 3 trial involving 103 centres in six clinical trials collaborating in the Gynaecological Cancer Intergroup. Eligible women had high-risk endometrial cancer with FIGO 2009 stage I, endometrioid-type grade 3with deep myometrial invasion or lymph-vascular space invasion (or both), endometrioid-type stage II or III, or stage I to III with serous or clear cell histology. Women were randomly assigned (1:1) to receive radiotherapy alone (48·6 Gy in 1·8 Gy fractions given on 5 days per week) or radiotherapy and chemotherapy (consisting of two cycles of cisplatin 50 mg/m2 given during radiotherapy, followed by four cycles of carboplatin AUC5 and paclitaxel 175 mg/m2) using a biased-coin minimisation procedure with stratification for participating centre, lymphadenectomy, stage of cancer, and histological type. The co-primary endpoints were overall survival and failure-free survival. We used the Kaplan-Meier method, log-rank test, and Cox regression analysis for final analysis by intention to treat and adjusted for stratification factors. The study was closed on Dec 20, 2013, after achieving complete accrual; follow-up is ongoing. PORTEC-3 is registered with ISRCTN, number ISRCTN14387080, and ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT00411138.

    RESULTS:
    686 women were enrolled between Nov 23, 2006, and Dec 20, 2013. 660 eligible patients were included in the final analysis, of whom 330 were assigned to chemoradiotherapy and 330 were assigned to radiotherapy. Median follow-up was 60·2 months (IQR 48·1-73·1). 5-year overall survival was 81·8% (95% CI 77·5-86·2) with chemoradiotherapy versus 76·7% (72·1-81·6) with radiotherapy (adjusted hazard ratio [HR] 0·76, 95% CI 0·54-1·06; p=0·11); 5-year failure-free survival was 75·5% (95% CI 70·3-79·9) versus 68·6% (63·1-73·4; HR 0·71, 95% CI 0·53-0·95; p=0·022). Grade 3 or worse adverse events during treatment occurred in 198 (60%) of 330 who received chemoradiotherapy versus 41 (12%) of 330 patients who received radiotherapy (p<0·0001). Neuropathy (grade 2 or worse) persisted significantly more often after chemoradiotherapy than after radiotherapy (20 [8%] women vs one [1%] at 3 years; p<0·0001). Most deaths were due to endometrial cancer; in four patients (two in each group), the cause of death was uncertain. One death in the radiotherapy group was due to either disease progression or late treatment complications; three deaths (two in the chemoradiotherapy group and one in the radiotherapy group) were due to either intercurrent disease or late treatment-related toxicity.

     

    Figure 2. Overall survival and failure-free survival

    Kaplan-Meier survival curves for overall survival (A) and failure-free survival (B) in all patients, and for overall survival (C) and failure-free survival (D) of patients with stage III endometrial cancer. Plog-rank=unadjusted log-rank p value. PCox adjusted=p value adjusted for stratification factors. HR=hazard ratio.

     

    INTERPRETATION:
    Adjuvant chemotherapy given during and after radiotherapy for high-risk endometrial cancer did not improve 5-year overall survival, although it did increase failure-free survival. Women with high-risk endometrial cancer should be individually counselled about this combined treatment. Continued follow-up is needed to evaluate long-term survival.

    FUNDING:
    Dutch Cancer Society, Cancer Research UK, National Health and Medical Research Council Project Grant and Cancer Australia, L'Agenzia Italiana del Farmaco, and Canadian Cancer Society Research Institute.

     

     

    Author information

    de Boer SM1, Powell ME2, Mileshkin L3, Katsaros D4, Bessette P5, Haie-Meder C6, Ottevanger PB7, Ledermann JA8, Khaw P9, Colombo A10, Fyles A11, Baron MH12, Jürgenliemk-Schulz IM13, Kitchener HC14, Nijman HW15, Wilson G16, Brooks S17, Carinelli S18, Provencher D19, Hanzen C20, Lutgens LCHW21, Smit VTHBM22, Singh N23, Do V24, D'Amico R10, Nout RA25, Feeney A8, Verhoeven-Adema KW26, Putter H27, Creutzberg CL25; PORTEC study group.

    1 Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands. Electronic address: s.m.de_boer.onco@lumc.nl.
    2 Department of Clinical Oncology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
    3 Division of Cancer Medicine, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
    4 Department of Surgical Sciences, Gynecologic Oncology, Città della Salute and S Anna Hospital, University of Turin, Turin, Italy.
    5 CCTG, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, QC, Canada.
    6 Department of Radiotherapy, Institut Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France.
    7 Department of Medical Oncology, Radboudumc, Nijmegen, Netherlands.
    8 Cancer Research UK, London, UK; UCL Cancer Trials Centre, UCL Cancer Institute, London, UK.
    9 Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
    10 Division of Radiation Oncology, ASST-Lecco, Ospedale AManzoni, Lecco, Italy.
    11 CCTG, Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, ON, Canada.
    12 Department of Radiotherapy, Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Besançon, Besançon, France.
    13 Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Netherlands.
    14 Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
    15 Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands.
    16 Department of Pathology, Central Manchester Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, UK.
    17 Department of Radiation Oncology, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
    18 Division of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, European Institute of Pathology, Milan, Italy.
    19 Department of Gynaecologic Oncology, HÔpital Notre-Dame de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
    20 Department of Radiation Oncology, Centre Henri Becquerel, Rouen, France.
    21 Department of Radiation Oncology (MAASTRO), GROW School for Oncology and Developmental Biology, Maastricht University Medical Centre, Maastricht, Netherlands.
    22 Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
    23 Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.
    24 Radiation Oncology Network, CPMCC Westmead, Westmead, NSW, Australia.
    25 Department of Radiation Oncology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.
    26 Comprehensive Cancer Center Netherlands, Leiden, Netherlands.
    27 Department of Medical Statistics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands.

     

    Collaborators (42)

    McCormack M, Whitmarsh K, Allerton R, Gregory D, Symonds P, Hoskin PJ, Adusumalli M, Anand A, Wade R, Stewart A, Taylor W, Kruitwagen RFPM, Hollema H, Pras E, Snyers A, Stalpers L, Jobsen JJ, Slot A, Mens JM, Stam TC, Van Triest B, Van der Steen-Banasik EM, De Winter KAJ, Quinn MA, Kolodziej I, Pyman J, Johnson C, Capp A, Fossati R, Gribaudo S, Lissoni AA, Ferrero A, Artioli G, Davidson C, McLachlin CM, Ghatage P, Rittenberg PVC, Souhami L, Thomas G, Duvillard P, Berton-Rigaud D, Tubiana-Mathieu N.

     

  • 편집위원

    Stage I-III의 high risk endometrial cancer에서 adjuvant CCRT가 5-year failure free survival은 통계적으로 유의하게 향상되지만, OS에 차이가 없고, treatment related toxicity는 증가하기 때문에, 여전히 ajuvant RT alone이 standard care임을 보여주었다. 단, stage III의 경우 stage I-II에 비해 재발율이 높기 때문에 failure free survival을 높이기 위해 환자 상태에 따라 개별적으로 adjuvant CCRT를 고려할 수 있음을 제안하였다.

    2018-04-17 10:51:36

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