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Abstract
The Korean Radiation Oncology Group (KROG) assessed the value of Deauville score (DS) on 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose Positron emission tomography-computed tomography (FDG PET/CT) as a predictor of recurrence and survival after rituximab, cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone (R-CHOP) chemotherapy in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). A total of 512 patients with stage I-III DLBCL who received six cycles of R-CHOP with or without radiation therapy (RT) and obtained treatment responses according to PET-CT imagings after R-CHOP ± RT were included. Patients were sorted into two arms; DS 4-5 arm (n = 24) was matched at a 1:2 ratio with DS 1-3 arm (n = 48) using propensity score matching method. After a median follow-up time of 37.2 months, the recurrence-free survival rate (86.6% vs. 66.8%, P = 0.041) and overall survival rate (86.9% vs. 62.2%, P = 0.009) at 5 years were significantly different between the DS 1-3 and DS 4-5 arms. DS 4-5 arm showed higher 5-years locoregional recurrence-free survival (88.8% vs. 74.3%, P = 0.155) and distant failure-free survival (91.1% vs. 84.3%, P = 0.333) than DS 1-3 arm. In the multivariate analysis, DS was still a significant factor for recurrence-free survival [hazard ratio (HR), 3.840 and confidence interval (CI), 1.068-13.806; P = 0.039] and overall survival rates (HR 4.453 and CI 1.274-15.562; P = 0.019). This study showed and validated that Deauville score of 4-5 of PET-CT imaging taken after full-course of R-CHOP chemotherapy with or without RT could predict recurrence-free survival and overall survival in DLBCL patients.

Author information

Lee JW1, Oh D2, Eom KY3, Kim JH4, Kim WC5, Chung MJ6, Lee JH7.
1
Department of Radiation Oncology, Catholic University of Daegu School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
2
Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
3
Department of Radiation Oncology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Republic of Korea.
4
Department of Radiation Oncology, Dongsan Medical Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
5
Department of Radiation Oncology, Inha University Hospital, Inha University of Medicine, Inchon, Republic of Korea.
6
Department of Radiation Oncology, Kyung Hee University Hospital at Gangdong, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
7
Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, St. Vincent's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea. koppul@catholic.ac.kr.